{"id":701,"date":"2017-05-19T10:46:36","date_gmt":"2017-05-19T15:46:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/researchbdev.wpengine.com\/digital-computational-studies\/?p=701"},"modified":"2017-05-19T13:38:39","modified_gmt":"2017-05-19T18:38:39","slug":"graphs-volume-2-chapter-3-to","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/digital-computational-studies\/graphs-volume-2-chapter-3-to\/","title":{"rendered":"Graphs – Volume 2, Chapter 3, To"},"content":{"rendered":"

https:\/\/bowdoin.ensemblevideo.com\/Watch\/Austen1<\/a><\/p>\n

A manually interpreted graph of gossip in Volume 2, Chapter 3. Each edge begins with the character speaking and terminates at the character being spoken to. Female nodes are pink, and male ones are blue. The nodes are sized by out-degree, so characters who talk more appear as larger nodes.<\/em><\/p>\n

Consider the above graph, which portrays dialogue from one character to another in Volume 2, Chapter 3.\u00a0 In this graph, each edge connects the character speaking to his or her audience.\u00a0 Notable in graphically representing this conversation is the notion of time.\u00a0 In this representation, each paragraph of dialogue is considered as one unit of narrative time, regardless of the length of the paragraph.\u00a0 However, there is one instance in which Mr. Knightley and Mr. Woodhouse both jump to contradict Emma\u2019s self-deprecation \u201cnearly at the same time\u201d (134).\u00a0 This moment is represented in the graph as a simultaneous occurrence, rather than two separate pieces of dialogue.\u00a0 Of course, this method of representing conversation over time is inherently flawed, as it is dependent on textual units of time.\u00a0 A paragraph is not in reality a unit of time, but instead a unit of textual organization.\u00a0 However, for the purposes of representing an inherently textual interaction, this method does reveal the way a conversation moves between characters.<\/p>\n

Another difficulty in representing conversations between people is the notion of generally addressing the room. \u00a0Emma does this quite a bit when Miss Bates appears.\u00a0 For instance, the statement \u201cMr. Elton going to be married! He will have everybody\u2019s wishes for his happiness\u201d is not directed at any particular character, but rather the entire room (136).\u00a0 This is particularly difficult to capture graphically, as here Emma is not really addressing Mr. Woodhouse, Mr. Knightley, Miss Bates, and Jane individually, but rather addressing the group as a whole.\u00a0 This type of speech includes everyone generally rather than each participant individually.\u00a0 This social convention is perhaps what makes Miss Bates\u2019s and Jane\u2019s tangent about the physical qualities of Mr. Dixon so uncomfortable.\u00a0 The two have what is almost a private interaction in the midst of a public conversation, which is a jarring contradiction.\u00a0 Miss Bates briefly fails to include everyone by only talking to Jane, and this reads as a break in the normal flow of conversation, if only for a moment.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
A manually interpreted graph of Chapter 3, but nodes sized by in-degree.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"\"<\/a>
An automatically interpreted graph of Chapter 3. Nodes are sized by in-degree.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In contrast with the manually generated graph is the automatically generated one.\u00a0 In order to create this graph, I assumed that when each character speaks, the next speaker is the first speaker\u2019s addressee.\u00a0 For instance, if Emma speaks and then Mr. Knightley speaks, this graph assumes that Emma is speaking to Mr. Knightley.\u00a0 This method of visualization draws attention to the characters speaking in a way that dialogue imbedded in the narrative does not, and it portrays that dialogue in such a way that nodes are either \u201con\u201d or \u201coff.\u201d\u00a0 Although this makes a whole set of assumptions about the nature of conversation and its role in the book, the above two graphs are rather similar.\u00a0 Both are sized by in-degree, meaning that larger nodes are addressed in conversation more frequently.\u00a0 The manual version of the graph shows more nuance in differentiating the sizes of the nodes, and Emma, rather than Miss Bates, becomes the dominating presence.\u00a0 Mr. Knightley and Mr. Woodhouse are both also allowed greater share of the conversation, due to the phenomenon of addressing the group rather than the individual.\u00a0 We may take from these differences that, although Miss Bates speaks frequently, she is less often explicitly addressed. \u00a0Further, although Mr. Knightley and Mr. Woodhouse are less frequent speakers, they are a significant part of the audience.\u00a0 This is perhaps indicative of a difference in class, as the most prominent speaker is the poor old maid while the most common listeners are the wealthiest characters.\u00a0 Those in power merely listen while Miss Bates takes advantage of her information to momentarily take the spotlight.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

https:\/\/bowdoin.ensemblevideo.com\/Watch\/Austen1 A manually interpreted graph of gossip in Volume 2, Chapter 3. Each edge begins with the character speaking and terminates at the character being spoken to. Female nodes are pink, and male ones are blue. The nodes are sized by out-degree, so characters who talk more appear as larger nodes. Consider the above graph, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":105,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,25],"tags":[26],"class_list":{"0":"post-701","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-digital-computational-studies","7":"category-jane-austen","8":"tag-jane-austen-project","9":"entry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/701","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/105"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=701"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/701\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=701"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=701"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.bowdoin.edu\/digital-computational-studies\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=701"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}