Etah
The winter headquarter of Crocker Land Expedition. Etah was the northernmost Inughuit settlement in Greenland, now abandoned due to harsh climate contitions.
Dovekie
A species of small auk, Alces aces. It is a sea-diving bird that inhabits the high Arctic. It typically has a black head, black wings, and black-and-white underparts. Dovekies are eaten raw by Inuit, or made into Kiviaq – a bag made from sealskin packed with 300 to 500 dovekies, and fermented for about six months.
Icefoot
A narrow belt of ice attached to the land at or below the high tide line. It is formed as a result of the rise and fall of the tides, freezing spray, or stranded ice. There is usually good sledging surface on the icefoot.
Iglu
“House” in Inuktitut. A house or home that is built of any material, including but not limited to snow.
Inuit
Plural noun of “people” in Inuktitut (singular is Inuk). The Inuit are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples that live in the Arctic regions of Alaska, Canada, and Greenland.
Inuk
A person in Inuktiut (plural, Inuit).
Inughuit
A group of Inuit living in North Greenland. They are the northernmost people in the world, formally known as Polar Eskimos. The Inughuit historically played a critical role in Arctic explorations.
Inuktitut
The indigenous language and culture of Eastern Canadian Arctic. The Inuit language is a system of closely interrelated dialects and regional variants.
Inuktun
The indigenous language of Northwestern Greenland spoken in the northernmost Inughuit community in Greenland.
Little Auk
See Dovekie.
Polar Night / Polar Day
The phenomenon of a nighttime or a daytime lasting more than 24 hours, observed in the Arctic and Antarctic region on Earth due to the axial tilt of Eath’s rotation. At the north and south poles, each lasts 6 months. Further south, the time when the sun does not rise in winter, or does not set in summer, is shorter. The Arctic/Antarctic circle (66.56 degrees) is defined by the line of latitude at which the sun does not set on the summer solstice and does not rise on the winter solstice.
Sea Ice
Frozen salty ocean water, in contrast to icebergs, ice sheets, and glaciers that are formed on land. Sea ice is not continuous and smooth comparing to fresh water ice, therefore difficult to sledge on. Sea ice is of great importance to ocean water movement, local ecology, and global climate. Learn more at https://nsidc.org/cryosphere/seaice/environment/index.html
Solifluction
The slow movement of soil or other wet materials down a slope that commonly occurs in regions of perennial frost.
References
Compton, Richard. “Inuktitut.” The Canadian Encyclopedia. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 July 2017.
“Dictionary by Merriam-Webster: America’s most-trusted online dictionary.” Merriam-Webster. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 27 July 2017.
Glenn Mattsing, and Magssannguaq Qujaukitsoq. “Qaanaaq – Activities and Culture in North Greenland.” – Activities and Culture in North Greenland. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 July 2017.
“National Snow and Ice Data Center.” All About Sea Ice | National Snow and Ice Data Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 July 2017.
Leonard, Stephen. “Death by monoculture.” University of Cambridge. September 02, 2011. Accessed October 27, 2017. http://www.cam.ac.uk/research/discussion/death-by-monoculture.